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Corrupted destination partition and backups?...

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My system (SSD) drive stopped booting so I plugged in a TIH 2020 recovery USB but got an error that my latest backup from last week (which I have set to validate automatically upon creation) was corrupt. That doesn't make a lot of sense to me. So I tried restoring from the week before - and it didn't complain about corruption, so I tried to restore from it. Then I got this error about (seemingly) the destination:

I have trouble believing that both the destination and backups are both messed-up. Just doesn't seem likely. 

I also have these TIH backup files copied to an external hard drive, but I'm just a bit scared to connect it and somehow corrupt those, too.

How can I restore my system drive?

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Although the error message mentions that the 'File record is corrupted' it also tells you that you can recover the backup albeit that you cannot make any changes to the partition during the recovery, plus you should use CHKDSK after the recovery to resolve the file record corruption.

Validation has nothing to do with this type of file system corruption - it is purely a tool to confirm that what was written to your storage drive by the backup operation has not been changed since it was written.  The backup itself can still contain file corruption if the original source for the backup had such issues!

You should go ahead and perform the recovery then check all the partitions on the drive using either CHKDSK or the diagnostic tools provided by the SSD vendor / manufacturer.