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ERROR: Failed to read data from disk

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Have tested my HDD's, nothing wrong with check disk etc. What's the problem, somewhere I read about a corrupt snapshot driver, a program uninstall, reinstall or repair does not solve anything. Attached a screenshot from the error when trying to make a backup of system drive to another HDD. Have tried to use a different hard drive, but the same error pops up.

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Your error screenshot suggest an issue with the VSS service on your machine. See the link below for additional details. I am aware that the link provided is for a different product (Acronis Backup and Recovery 11) however, the same should apply to your problem.

https://kb.acronis.com/content/29014

The VSS service is set to manual and can't find the Acronis setting for VSS to use it as snapshot provider in the settings. Have tried on TIH 2014 and 2015, can you specify where to find the option to enable Acronis as snapshot provider in 2014 and 2015? The VSS is set to manual and if I disable the service, still get the same failed to read disk error.

EDIT. Have Windows 8.1x64. This "critical" as I have no backup for Windows at the moment.

Do you have both 2014 and 2015 installed on the same machine? If you do then you need to uninstall them both, choose which one you want to use and install it stand alone, they will not run together on the same machine.

If you only have either 2014 or 2015 installed stand alone then you should attempt a repair install on the application. You can do this by locating the installation file, right click on file and choose run as administrator, and choose the Repair option from the resulting menu.

Repair install does zero, the same issue persists. Used Acronis uninstall tool and cleaned before installing 2014, but it's the same. Running deep analysis on my disks but suppose they don't have any errors. Tried repair on both 2015 and 2014, and yes I have had one installed at a time.

WD's own analysis tool did not find any disk errors.

Soon I have no option but to re-install Windows and save important data somewhere, but it's a huge leap...

You can disabled the VSS service within Windows and see if that helps. If you have another application that uses VSS however disabling the service may cause that application to fail.

True Image 2015 uses the Windows VSS provider whereas 2014 did not. This might be the problem as could be a conflict. Not sure what you should do in that case.

Tried VSS disabled on 2015, but still the same error. The same on 2014 VSS on or off, but it shouldn't matter as you said.

It is possible that there is insufficient room on your disk to create the shadow copy of the backup. You could test that by creating a smaller backup task say of a single folder on you machine and see if that runs.

The backup is just an SSD approx 60 Gb and there's 1 Tb space on the backup disk, could anyway try to task a folder etc. see if it runs. Any other ideas...?

Have to wait for the analysis to finish on the backup drive, but will try to run a smaller task and see what happens.
Weird thing is that this happened 2 days ago with no errors prior to that in many years. Has worked flawlessly. And no new programs installed. What could cause the program/or Windows to break?

A smaller backup is working OK without an error. Does this mean that C system disk has too little space or what? The destination disk is large 2 Tb. The successful backup was one folder on the desktop including some videos size approx. 1 Gb.

I would say that you should take a look at Windows Event Log for any errors associated with the occurring event. Write down any error codes you find and do a Google search to find out what the errors indicate.

Have you tried to run a Windows Backup using Windows built in backup utility? This would be one way of finding out if there is a problem with VSS such as the System Reserve partition being to full. There are many discussions on the net about that issue and running a backup using Windows would definitely produce an error in regards to VSS if in fact there is not sufficient space for a shadow copy.

EDIT: You can also check that there is sufficient space in the System Reserve Partition for a Windows Backup by using Disk Management to verify that you have a 100MB reserve partition. If yes which I presume you do, right click on the 100MB volume and choose properties, view Used and Free space, You must have around 40MB free space for backup to complete successfully.

Here is reference material found in the knowledge base about snapshot issues that may be of benefit.

https://kb.acronis.com/content/46195#

Windows backup results also in an error. System reserve partition has 330 Mb free space. Something is not working correctly with VSS?! Soon I have no other option that to reinstall Windows. Hard drive tests have all passed. No other problems with Windows or other programs, only the backup is not working. It's strange that Acronis /Windows or something has got broken by itself...

TIH 2014 tried with VSS disabled but the same as it should not use it. After a few program repairs got the backup to run to approx 50 % but then experienced the same error.

Tested my system disk again and its corrupted (ssd), therefore the backup problem. Weird that first test was OK. This case can be closed. Gonna RMA the disk.

Often times a diagnostic test will not reveal problems unless run multiple times. Glad you found the issue.